Nmap is an open source network detection and security audit tool. It is designed to quickly scan large networks. Of course, it is no problem to use it to scan a single host. Nmap uses raw IP packets in a novel way to discover which hosts are on the network, what services those hosts provide (application name and version), what operating system those services are running on (including version information), and what types of packets they use filters/firewalls, and a bunch of other features. Although Nmap is commonly used for security audits, many system administrators and network administrators also use it for daily tasks, such as viewing information about the entire network, managing service upgrade plans, and monitoring the operation of hosts and services.
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